Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay

Imagine yourself back in the early eighteen hundreds as black slave living on a plantation with death knocking on your door at any second. The only chance to survive this born-into captivity, is to humble yourself before a white master or attempt to escape to an unknown safe haven. To chance an escape would put your life at risk to the bounty hunters and cause severe brutality upon those you left behind. The only logical way to live one’s life in these situations would be submissive from birth to death and to die quietly, so those remaining don’t lose what little faith they have left. This is an example of the atrocities that occurred throughout our Great Nation’s history, and will forever be a scar for everyone to see. One individual†¦show more content†¦Physical pain was the key factor of submission, but when slave children were raised only knowing physical brutality, emotional pain tormented the soul even more. Another action taken by the white masters was the act of making their female salves their personal concubines and then robbing the slave-mothers of their newly born children. This act was performed when the child was about twelve months old, just being old enough to be stripped from the breast that fed and nourished them. Even though most of the slave-children were of mulatto decent from their white fathers, sparing a child from the loss of its mother was not considered and highly deemed as showing favoritism towards the slaves. â€Å"Slaveholders have ordained, and by law established, that the children of slave women shall in all cases follow the condition of their mothers; and this is done too obviously to administer to their lusts, and make a gratification of their wicked desires profitable as well as pleasurable; for by this cunning arrangement, the slaveholder, in cases not a few, sustains to his slaves the double relation of master and father† (971). The mother of the sl ave-child was usually sold off to some plantation some distance away. This was done to keep her from trying to make any attempt to see her child and to rid the plantation of any witness ofShow MoreRelatedNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass987 Words   |  4 PagesLife of Frederick In the â€Å"narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass an American slave written by himself† Frederick reveled to audience the time he was living as a slave and the moments of brutal treats for example psychological, emotional and physical abuses. He was suffering terrible moments during his 20 years as a slave in the twentieth century. In addition, he describes in his own words the strategies he used to escape from the slave holders and to be free. This story the â€Å"Narrative of theRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1730 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most well-known slavery narratives was lived and written by Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Frederick Douglass was a civil rights activist who was born into slavery on a plantation in eastern Maryland in February 1818. His exact birth date is unknown, he states in his narrative, â€Å"I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it.†2 His birth name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, which was given by hisRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesDate Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Writing in the favor of black people has always remained controversial from the very beginning. Critics regard such writing as â€Å"a highly conventionalized genre† indicating that â€Å"its status as literature was long disputed but the literary merits of its most famous example such as Frederick Douglass s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†¦are widely recognized today.† (Ryan:537) Despite of such severe resistance, writers like Douglass have pennedRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"Narratives of the Life of Frederick Douglass† is the story of Frederick Douglass’ life from the time he was born into slavery, to the time he escaped to freedom in the north. When Douglass wrote this book, slavery was still legal in a large portion of the United States. After Douglass’ escape to freedom and his continuation of his education, he became an abolitionist through his works of literatu re and speeches. In â€Å"The Blessings of Slavery†, by George Fitzhugh he states that southern slavesRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1257 Words   |  6 PagesBook Review By Mary Elizabeth Ralls Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass: An autobiography written by Frederick Douglass Millennium publication, 1945edition 75 pages Frederick Douglass whose real name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey approximately birthdate is in1818, the month or day is not known, he died in 1895. He is one of the most famous advocates and the greatest leaders of anti-slavery in the past 200 or so years.Read MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagessoutherners believed that one of the most essential means of life was slavery. In the novel, Narrative of The Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass challenges and debunks the idea of slavery being a necessary part of the white lifestyle; many pro-slavery arguments consisted of religion justifying slavery, slaves being â€Å"easily manipulated†/ignorant, and slavery keeping the southern economy from disappearing (The Proslavery Argument). Frederick uses personal experiences and other tactics to expose theRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1363 Words   |  6 Pages In The Narrative of the Life of Frederic k Douglass, Frederick Douglass portrays the importance of education because of its influence in leveling the playing field between the races in the 1800s. Education and knowledge are themes that are heavily dwelled upon throughout the novel, inspiring the reader to see the full power of such important ideals and to take the full advantage of both at all times. Douglass gives the reader a new appreciation for education as he delivers his message regardingRead MoreThe Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass1527 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered â€Å"property† of their slaveholders and had no control over their own life. They were victims of psychological and physical brutal treatment. This story represents confinement, slavery and the lack of power African people had in such a racist society back in those days. African talents were absolutely wasted and they were considered inferior to white individuals. The â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† sim ply addresses that white society was causing negative effects to itself andRead MoreNarrative Life Of Frederick Douglass1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass’ is an autobiography of Frederick Douglass, the slave who escaped and became one of renowned social reformers of his time. The book is a collection of actual experiences of the author during his time in slavery and experiences of fellow slaves. He describes brilliantly the oppressive conditions into which he was born, lived, as well as his struggles and triumphs. The author meant to make the reader comprehend life of the African Americans in slavery beforeRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1255 Words   |  6 PagesFrederick Douglass, throughout Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, uses religion to get many of his points across. In one way, religion plays a huge role in Douglass’ ability to become literate throughout the text. With the Bible and other Christi an texts, Douglass is able to further his ability and the ability of others to read. This becomes important because as Douglass points out the slaveholders believe a literate slave is not a good slave. This union of literacy and religion show the

The Uniqueness of Every Person - 590 Words

We live in a world where every single person is unique. We all have something about us that is different. The way we walk, talk, think, write, and feel. All these things define who we are and what we like. For example some of us are attracted to the opposite sex which is considered normal. While other are attracted to the same sex which to some people its not normal, it’s a matter of an opinion because it is what someone thinks. Today around the United States of America gay marriage has been mentioned quietly. Considering gay marriage as being an opinion to some people, even though people have their own point of view gay marriages should be consider legal. And being different from what others might think is normal shouldn’t be judged. â€Å"Only 17 states in the United States allow gay marriages. Massachusetts became the first state to legalized gay marriage in May 17, 2004. And the most recent one New Mexico in December 19, 2013. Being the 17 state to allow it† according to (States). Same sex couples should be able to celebrate their commitment in the same way as opposite sex couples. It’s the same kind of human being living on earth as everyone else. It doesn’t matter if your gay, lesbian, bisexual, or whatever. So same sex couples should have the same benefits as an opposite sex couple. â€Å"In June 2007 the Massachusetts legislature defeated a discriminatory, anti- marriage constitutional amendment that had been proposed. The final 151 to 45 votes was a strong legislativeShow MoreRelatedHannah Arendt s Human Condition1274 Words   |  6 PagesHannah Arendt’s Human Condition is crammed with distinctions: between labour, work, and action. In this essay I will talk more about the human action, the uniqueness of individuality, and how the actions draw human life story. Actions are unique and unrepeatable. Action is not what they do, but what they did, and how meaningful it is. 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Phone interviews were placed to make sure all participants met preliminary diagnostic and medical screening. Participants were later involved with an in person interview. In this interview, participants completed written informed consent procedures and a diagnostic interview. People who met the study inclusion criteria were to come back for two more in person interviews. In the two in person interviews, the participantsRead MoreI m Nobody ! Who Are You?964 Words   |  4 Pages The world is full of worries, wonders and rush. Everyone is busy handing their own affairs and business. In this rush, it can be quite easy to get swept away from the crowd and go unnoticed, especially if you are shy and not much of an outgoing person. At the same time, it can be a horrible thing to realize that you’ve gone invisible in a way that no one even realizes that you’re still alive or that you’ve been actually doing and accomplishing things in your life. 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In another light, it could be said that morality serves to encourage self-interests, that is to say that every time one is morally mandated to do something, doing such promotes self-interest. It is then safe to say that ethical egoism is perception based: that is how one perceives a thing, it may or may not be factual. It is subjective. Russ Shafer-Landau,Read MorePersonal Nursing Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1475 Words   |  6 Pagesdon’t often think that every nurse comes from different situation, past experiences, and life changing events that make nurses who he or she is. Everyone on this earth is unique and has something to contribute. The same goes for patients. Each patient has a different background and have different interests which make them who they are. In order to give the optimal care to the patients nurses must acc ommodate to the patient’s uniqueness. 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Women s gymnastics is one of the most-viewed sports in the Olympics. That is because they make it worth watching (Bayci). Female gymnasts go out there every year and amaze people. It is also very hard to get to the Olympics. Only theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Harrison Bergeron 1081 Words   |  5 Pagesof humanity can’t take place: conversations, fascination or entertainment, and the ability of knowledge and the sense of learning, are lost. The absence of uniqueness and diversity are not present and formality and same-ness is enforced and therefore accepted. The story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† shows that equality is a non-valued gift of uniqueness for all humans. All humans can never be truly equal in the eyes of the world. Near the opening few paragraphs of the story the reader learns that intelligence

A Report Which Party Can Stands Best In Election 2015 Westminster

Question: Given the present economic environment in the uk, all of the three main political parties at Westminster are mindfull of the British general election which will take place in 2015. They are all hoping to be the party which will form the new uk government. Task: write a report, which you examine and compare the priorities and policies laid out by these parties. Go on to give your opinions on which party you feel stands the best chance of electoral success. Answer: Elections are the most significant part of any countrys development. Since the first general elections of Britain was held i.e in 1708, from that time and upto now there is an impeccable improvement and with this people have seen a continuous changing scenario with every coming elections. With this changing time and scenario the people have experienced various myths and facts about different political parties which were acting at the center. By concluding all those facts and myths, the people have made their thoughts about those working political parties. And reflecting those thoughts and sentiments during the election time shows there power of irrevocable decision making power. Now this is what it is going to happen in the elections of 2015 (Westminster), where various different political parties will go to try their luck. Now the time will show which party will be going to taste the sweetness of success and which party experience the bitterness of failure. The three giant parties about which the people talking about are:- The Conservatives led by David Cameroon, The Labour party led by Ed Miliband and The Liberate Democrats led by Nick Clegg. The Conservatives shows their capability, as they are working party at the center. But lets see what the pursuit of destiny shows which will have their luck strong during the upcoming elections. Priorities and Policies of political parties The political parties have shown their list of priorities and policies in their manifestos which will benefit the people throughout. Lets see how these parties may differ in their priorities and policies:- A) Conservative party:- There are three fundamental of a free society that matters the most are the chances to own their own homes, work that enables you to get on not just get by and having having enough savings to plan for the future. In other words Home, Jobs and savings-the three words stamped on the maskhead of Conservative partys home (Przeworski, 1991). The conservatives have said in their manifestos that they will provide more homes, better jobs and higher savings accompanied by plans for economic and political reforms. Main motive of conservative party is to work for ordinary working people of Britain i.e the mass middle class people. They have their stress on following matters:- 1) Firstly, to have a home like home.2) Secondly, work that enables you to get on, not just get by.3) And thirdly, from the work people could save sufficient money to plan for the future. Policies:- The following are the policies on which the conservative party is giving stress upon:- 1) Home like home:-There is a consistant lack of affordable homes in the country. There should be more homes for the people who are intended to live in them at affordable prices and implying programmes so that people can buy homes easily.2) Proposal of garden cities:-The intermittently approach of building homes has faced failure. The conservatives proposed to create garden cities corporations for strategically deisgn areas like Thames estuary. This make the existing residents to have direct financial stake through allocation of shares in each corporation.3) To scrap HS2 and create Northern infrastructure fund:-HS2 is another London centric mega project that will not even reach north until 2030s. so, conservatives planned to scrap the HS2 project and implement this project in a more planned way which may all key cities like Liverpool by the name of Northern Infrastructure Fund. This will be controlled by the elected mayors across the region and this will generate more employment.4) N ew immigration deal with European union:-As European union have more stress on the British economy to regain the full control of its borders. Britain need to renew new immigration policy with European union. This will replace the existing system and convert it into point base system. Then with the purchase of new health insurances and welfare insurances will back up the economic growth.5) Grip-on financial education:-There is a certain need to rebuilt the saving culture the best way to start from young people. The perposal of fund allocation to endow every school. This would tighten grip on the programme of finanacial education. This will benefit everyone by passing financial literacy test and the money will be transferred to their personal saving accounts.6) Creations of UK sovereign wealth fund:-The creation of sovereign wealth fund will be mutually owned by all british citizens in which all windfall revenews will be paid. This will all the country to save as a nation, not just as individual like Norway.7) The effect of Scottish referendum is known to everyone, therefore whatever will be the result of it. The Conservative proposed a develoved national government of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland with their own first ministers. B) Labour party:- The first main rival of the conservative party is the labour party. The main priorities of labour party is to bring changes in the current economy, society and the politics to achieve fairness throughout the system. Policies:- The following are the policies on which labour party will be going to work on:-1) Labour party launched a 10 years plan for health and social care. They are also going to create 10,000 nurse training places and 5000 new home care roles.2) Targeted increase in public spending over the next year to sustain the recovery before cutting the deficit by more than 50 percent and reducing the structural deficit by at least two-third over the next parliament (Przeworski, 1991).3) Guarantee people aged 18-24 a job, work experience or training place if they are unemployed for more than six months.4) Hold a referendum an adopting the alternative vote ystem for Westminster elections and making the house of lords fully elected (Wolfe, 1969).5) Pledge not to increase income tax or extend Vat on food, childrens clothes, books, newspapers and public transport.6) Increase minimum wages at lkeast in line with average earnings over the period to 2015.7) Work internationally to introduce a global levy on financial services.This shows that labour party give a tough challenge to the conservatives. They have almost more storng and efficient work policies. C) Liberate demorate:- Liberal democrats have played a crucial role in retaining the british economy, creating more than 1 million jobs and bringing back the economy on the road.liberal democrats believe that there should be sutainable growth of economy which will improve the employment in the country. There main motive is to do balanced growth throughout all sectors and the regions. Policies:- 1) The Liberal democrats have proposed to generate 1 million more jobs for the youths and employment guarenttee to the young people of the age group of 18-24 years. This will enhance the level of the country throughout the world. This will make the sustainable growth of the country.2) Liberal democrats have proposed a 800 tax cut . this will benefit the people with low wages. This will increase the savings of the people and make them more consistent to think about their future.3) 2.5 billion extra for schools, this will increase the level of education and help in rising the standards of the children from the base level.4) Liberal democrats ensures that they standardize the cost of living and offered to launch various schemes which will help people to buy their own home and live up to standards of livings. This will offer ease of squeeze to the people and make them more flexible in their livings (Savitz, 2012).5) About the environmental things, they have proposed to offer 200,000 new green jobs for the people . this will increase the employment in the country.6) They have proposed to offer biggest ever pension increase for old people living in the country. This will bring happiness on the faces of the old ones which have faced various situations in their lives.7) Liberal democrats offers a very fair and firm system for the immigration policies.Now after having a keen look on the priorities and the policies of different parties, we are now able to predict which will be one which will taste the sweetness of success. The following in the report of latest status of the political parties:- As it seen from the data that the conservatives and the labours are on the same level of choces of the people living in the region (Wolfinger, 1980). And third prty which is competing with them is the librate democrate party and the rest are quite behind them in the choices of people. The following data which is shown in the data is: 1) The conservatives and the labours are fighting for the place as there is little fluctuation in the shows graph. Considering that fluctuations they rest at 33 percent of the total percentage of choices of the people. 2) The third rivel is getting only 7 percent of the voting choices of the people. There policies are not of that much interest as the other big parties have.3) Surprisingly Ukip is getting more votes then the Liberal democrats. People are showing more interest in them according to the third big party of UK. Conclusion:- By concluding all of the above data, we get to result that Conservative and the Labour party are the most likely parties in the election 2015. They are running at the same level of percentage of voting choices of the people. They are giving a tough challenge to each other. But looking into people mouth El Miliband leading labour party is the preffered choice of the people. This is due to the reason, it have strong and effective policies for the upliftment of the people living in the country throughout in all sections and regions. References: 1. Mann, T. E., Wolfinger, R. E. (1980). Candidates and parties in congressional elections. American Political Science Review, 74(03), 617-632.2. Savitz, A. (2012). The triple bottom line: How today's best-run companies are achieving economic, social and environmental success--and how you can too. John Wiley Sons.3. Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., Rusk, J. G., Wolfe, A. C. (1969). Continuity and change in American politics: Parties and issues in the 1968 election.American Political Science Review, 63(04), 1083-1105.4. Przeworski, A. (1991). Democracy and the market: Political and economic reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Cambridge University Press.5. O'brien, K. J., Li, L. (2000). Accommodating democracy in a one-party state: Introducing village elections in China. The China Quarterly, 162, 465-489.6. Reif, K., Schmitt, H. (1980). Nine Secondà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ order National Electionsa Conceptual Framework for the Analysis of European Election Results.European journal of political research, 8(1), 3-44.7. Harmel, R., Janda, K. (1994). An integrated theory of party goals and party change. Journal of theoretical politics, 6(3), 259-287.8. George, A. L., George, J. L. (1964). Woodrow Wilson and Colonel House: a personality study (Vol. 1144). Courier Corporation.9. Thurber, J. A., Nelson, C. J. (Eds.). (2001). Campaign warriors: The role of political consultants in elections. Brookings Institution Press.10. Niven, D. (1998). Party elites and women candidates: The shape of bias.Women Politics, 19(2), 57-80.

Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in young people)

Introduction Studies indicate that the major victims of road driving are the young people. In fact, age, gender and inexperience are among the factors putting at higher risks of driving injuries. For instance, due to the age, young people are incapable of effectively estimating their capabilities and often test their limits above other individuals.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in young people) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dodge (2011) argues that the underdevelopment of the children brains accounts for their inability to estimate their driving capabilities. Further, the parts of the brain tasked with making of choices are still undergoing development thereby influencing behavior when driving. Moreover, invariable judgment about driving actions often distracts young inexperienced drivers. In terms of sexual orientation, the males are more exposed to the risks of road injuries due to thrill and impression seeking actions, driving at excessive speeds as well as failure to use seatbelts. Injuries from road traffic account for larger proportion of the cause of deaths amongst young people worldwide. Precisely, approximately four hundred thousand people under the age of twenty-five years die annually due to road injuries. Hanson, Vardon, McFarlane, Lloyd, Muller, Durrheim (2010) studied the trends of deaths caused by accidents in young people and reported that a large percentage of the deaths take place among young cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. The traffic injuries are avertable. In fact, several interventions have proved invaluable in addressing the hazard aspects as well as diminishing the rates of driving injuries. In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a number of interventions that are significant in reducing driving injuries during the United Nations Global Road Safety Week. For instance, separation of vario us types of road users, reduction of driving speed and not driving when drunk as well as carrying out graduated licensing schemes for apprentice drivers are essential for the reduction of driving injuries. Epidemiology of driving injuries among young people Among the driving injuries experienced worldwide among young people, alcohol is considered as a major contributor of road collisions and fatalities. In fact, studies assert that high blood alcohol concentrations pose greater risks of crashing.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hingson and Heeren (2010) argue that large proportions of young male drivers between the ages twenty-two to forty-five often drink alcohol before driving which increases the likelihood of fatal crashes. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), forty-one percent of road accidents arise from alcohol-related crashes. Levenso n, Hingson and Heeren (2010) shows that age is essential in determining the amount of blood alcohol concentration in the body. National Roadside Survey and NHTSA data show that young drivers between the ages of 16 and 20 have the highest contents of blood alcohol concentration (BAC). For example, the male drivers between the ages of sixteen and twenty whose BAC is over 0.15 accounts for approximately 15, 550 individuals compared to their female counterparts accounting for estimated seven hundred and forty people. Information from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) indicates significant fluctuations in driving injuries across sexual orientations, age and inexperience. Rivara and MacKenzie (2012) studied gender variation concerning risk exposure of young people to accident and reported that males are exposed to higher risks of traffic accidents. For instance, in 2012, males accounted for approximately eighty percent of the traffic deaths. In addition, men account for forty- six percent of alcohol related crashes compared to thirty percent traffic related deaths accounted for by females. On age, young and middle-aged adults are the most involved in road accidents. For example, people aged between the ages sixteen and twenty-nine make up fifty-five percent of traffic deaths compared to seven percent of individuals with over sixty-five years. Klassen, MacKay and Moher (2010) assert that speeding is also a significant cause of injuries among young drivers. Actually, 40% of drivers involved in fatal traffic crashes had high BAC of 0ver 0.15 percent. In addition, young drivers often fail to wear safety seatbelts increasing their risks to road crashes and injuries. According to NHTSA (2003), greater proportions young drivers who endured road crashes wore safety belts.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in young people) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Young drivers convicted of drinking and driving require assessments on alcohol abuse or dependence as well as attend alcohol treatment. According to Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), management of convicted drinking and driving offender trims down the repletion of the offence by approximately 10%. Further, O’Malley and Wagenaar (2009) argue that to reduce injuries from alcohol related accidents, legal drinking ages should be enforced at a minimum of twenty-one years to prevent young people from excessive drinking. Setting BAC limits and impounding driving licenses of traffic offenders are essential. Current preventive strategies Various preventive measures are currently in place to mitigate accident related injuries. However, it is critical to understand which preventive strategy is more effective. Wallace (2012) studied the current and previous accident preventive measures and concluded that the outcome of any program on accident reduction depends on the effectiv eness of protective measures put in place. Gielen and Sleet (2013) also studied several strategies that are currently in place to prevent injuries on young people. According to Gielen and Sleet (2013) study, the trends indicate that despite the preventive measures, the likelihood for young people involved in injuries is increasing. The injuries preventive strategies include mandatory child restraint use laws, which involve various recommended implementations including enforcement by the police. The strategy is strongly recommended particularly when the police are involved in its enforceability. Mandatory child restraint use laws also include the application of seat belts. The recommendations are that when safety seats are properly installed and used appropriately the risk of injuries are reduced by over 70% in infants while children above the age of one, the reduction rate is over 54%. The preventive measures have proved to be effective particularly where enforcement is operational. Besides the child restraint use laws strategies, other strategies such as the use of seat belts, alcohol-impaired driving, nighttime driving restrictive curfew and mandatory helmet use laws to prevent motorbike injuries have been in practice to prevent injuries related to accidents on young people.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, according to Zaza and Thompson (2011), the strategies have various limitations including enforceability and implementations. In most cases, the strategies are to be implemented by the police who often have limited capacity. In addition, the strategies have a limited target. For instance, the mandatory child restraint use laws only targets the child safety seats. However, Wagenaar, Murray, and Geban (2010) argue that the preventive measures are not exhaustive. New strategies need to be in place to prevent further injuries on young people. In fact, the new strategies should be innovative, easily understood and applied. In addition, the new strategies should be effective particularly where young people are involved. Goals and objectives The major goal of the current interventions is to reduce injuries related to motor vehicle accidents on young people by over 80%. However, each intervention has specific goals. For instance, the alcohol-impaired driving main objective is to red uce the number of adults driving while carrying young people as well as preventing driving while drunk. As Shults, Elder and Sleet (2011) indicated, the number of alcohol related accidents have considerably increased among young people. The collective objectives are to reduce the probability of young people being involved in injuries related to motor vehicle accidents. The current interventions, limitations, goals and objectives are summarized in the table below Intervention Limitations Goals/objectives Mandatory child restraint use laws Limited police enforceability To reduce the risks associated with Moto vehicle safety seats Community wide enforcement campaigns Can only be applied during certain times of the year To enhance public awareness on the injuries related to accidents Random breath testing sobriety checkpoints Limited police enforceability To reduce alcohol related crashes and deaths by between 17-25% Zero Tolerance Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Possibilit y of increasing the set limits. Lack of strict enforceability Reduces accident related injuries on young people under the age of 21 Nighttime driving restriction curfew laws Applied spatially with some exceptions allowed To avoid injuries resulting from night time crashes. In addition, to discourage nighttime teens driving The rationale for the current interventions As indicated the current intervention are not exhaustive in terms of preventing the injuries. However, most of the interventions have been proven effective in preventive processes. The main justification for the current interventions is to put in place control measures that are deemed useful in reducing injuries. In addition, the control measures must be enforceable and implemented. Baker, Braver, Chen and Williams (2012) indicated that the enforceability and implementation could only succeed when the measures have legal framework through various legislations. In other words, the effectiveness of any intervention de pends on its enforceability based on a given legal framework. The proposed current intervention The current interventions address injuries that are not intended. The reason is that unintentional injuries have been in existence. As such, the preventive measures have also been formulated. However, the interventions only address the injuries that occur within the vehicle when an accident occurs. According to Emery (2013), the environmental interventions have not been addressed in most of the current injury related to accident strategies. The proposed interventions tend to focus on environmental modifications to prevent young pedestrians from injuries related to roadside accidents. The first strategy is to install streetlights on the sidewalks to increase visibility. The streetlights should also be combined with traffic lights indicating areas where crossings are allowed. In addition, the crossings should be clearly marked with warnings provided in advance for approaching drivers to slo w down. The other environmental modification interventions is establishing speed limit in areas near playing grounds as well as schools. The environmental modification prevention strategies would be critical in preventing injuries that would have been caused by the drivers’ negligence and the children inability to understand the environment. In fact, the environmental related prevention measures have not been critically looked at and in cases where such interventions are available the target are not young children. The proposed environmental modification strategies are summarized below. Intervention Recommendation Goals/Expected outcome Maximum speed limit near playing ground Should be enforced by the police as well as other stakeholders Reduce the possibilities of the accidents by 56% The assumed child prior knowledge should be included on the driving training manual and enforced by the police Expected to reduce the possibility of having injuries due assumption of pre -knowledge of the child by 25-30% Discussions As indicated, the major cause of accident related injuries on young people in alcohol. The current preventive measures are focused on measures to reduce alcohol related accidents. In addition, O’Malley and Wagenaar (2009) argue that Young drivers convicted of drinking and driving require assessments on alcohol abuse or dependence as well as attend alcohol treatment. To reduce such offenses, security personnel in charge of traffics should increase their enforceability capabilities. In addition, increased management of convicted drinking and driving offender would help in trimming down the repletion of the offence. O’Malley and Wagenaar (2009) further argue that to reduce injuries from alcohol related accidents, legal drinking ages should be enforced at a minimum of twenty-one years to prevent young people from excessive drinking. Setting BAC limits and impounding driving licenses of traffic offenders are essential. Furthe r, environmental modification interventions are found to be lacking in the current strategies. Hingson and Heeren (2010) argue that environmental modification prevention strategies would be critical in preventing injuries caused by the drivers’ negligence and the children inability to understand the environment. In fact, the environmental related prevention measures have not been looked at critically and in cases where such interventions are available the target are not young children. Conclusion As indicated, young people are the major victims of road driving. In fact, age, gender and inexperience are among the factors putting at higher risks of driving injuries. In addition, alcoholism is cited as the major contributor to the cause of accidents among the youth. However, the current strategies are not exhaustive in preventing injuries resulting from accidents. Therefore, novel and innovative strategies are still needed in the prevention and reduction of injuries. References Baker, S. P., Braver, E. R., Chen, L. H. Williams, A. (2012). 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Communities mobilizing for change: Outcomes from a randomized community trial. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61(1), 85–94. Wallace, D. (2012). Evidence-based effective strategies for preventing injuries: child restraints, seat belts, reducing alcohol-impaired driving, teen drivers, child abuse prevention, bike helmets, residential fire, and drowning. Injury Prevention and Control, 36(8), 23-29. Zaza, S. Thompson, R. (2011). The guide to community preventive services: reducing injuries to motor vehicle occupants, systematic reviews of evidence, and recommendations from the task force on community preventive services, and expert commentary. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 48(3), 98-105. This report on Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in young people) was written and submitted by user Haylee Michael to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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